IGCSE English

Descriptive Essay Reflection and Breakdown:  Write a description with the title, ‘The artist’. (May 2025 Variant 2, Question 3) 

Victor Tan
 

Welcome back, friends!

Five weeks in, and I’ve been noticing how strangely we talk about artists. We have this enormous vocabulary for describing art—composition, texture, palette, form, technique—but when we try to describe the artist themselves, we fall back on tired clichés: “tortured genius,” “creative soul,” “visionary.” It’s as if we can only see artists through their work, like they’re just vessels for something that passes through them rather than people who make deliberate choices under specific pressures. English gives us precise language for analyzing finished products but vague, mystical language for describing the person in the moment of making. Maybe that’s because creation is inherently contradictory: it’s both intensely controlled (every brushstroke is a decision) and wildly unpredictable (the brush snaps, the paint lands where it wasn’t meant to). The artist isn’t the person who makes perfect things; they’re the person who decides what to do when perfection fails.

This week’s essay prompt: “Write a description with the title, ‘The artist’.”; it’s question 3 from Variant 2 of the May 2025 Paper 2 series.

Here’s what makes this prompt deceptively open: it could be about any kind of artist—painter, musician, writer, dancer—which means students will scatter in a dozen directions. But the real challenge isn’t choosing which type of artist; it’s understanding that “the artist” isn’t asking you to describe what they make, but rather who they are in the act of making.

Most responses will catalog external details—paint-splattered clothes, cluttered studios, focused expressions—but the strongest work understands that an artist is defined by their relationship to their medium, their choices under pressure, and what they sacrifice or preserve in the process.

Can you show us someone wrestling with the gap between vision and execution?

Can you capture the specific texture of creative doubt, or the moment when accident becomes intention?

This is where descriptive writing transcends mere observation: you’re not just painting a portrait of a person—you’re revealing the invisible architecture of how someone transforms raw material (paint, words, sound) into meaning, and what that transformation costs them.

You’ll find the essay here!

The full essay is available for our premium members and is also marked and graded. By reading it, you can get a clear picture of what works, as always. If you haven’t signed up already, then make sure to sign up over here!

Thank you all, and look forward to seeing you in the next one!

Narrative Essay Reflection and Breakdown: Write a story with the title, ‘The path to success’. (May 2025 Variant 1, Question 5)

Victor Tan
 

Welcome back, friends!

January’s almost over, and I’ve been thinking about how English handles success.

We have this whole vocabulary of vertical movement: “climbing the ladder,” “reaching the top,” “rising to the occasion,” “making it big.” Success, in English, is always upward—as if achievement were a matter of altitude, not depth. But here’s what’s interesting: we don’t really have rich language for the horizontal work of success—the lateral connections, the sideways glances, the people who hold things steady while we climb.

We say “I owe you one” or “thanks for the help,” but these feel transactional, insufficient. Maybe that’s why moments of genuine recognition—when someone stops mid-climb to acknowledge the person who handed them the rope—feel so narratively powerful. They disrupt our vertical grammar of success and force us to look around rather than up.

This week’s essay prompt: “The path to success”; it’s question 5, the final descriptive/narrative prompt in Variant 1 of the May 2025 Paper 2 series. Next week we’ll circle back to May 2025 Q2 Variant 2!

Here’s what makes this prompt treacherous: it practically begs for cliché. Students will reach for the motivational poster version—obstacles overcome, lessons learned, hard work paying off. The problem isn’t that these elements are wrong; it’s that they’re expected. The prompt tests whether you can take a well-worn concept and make it feel newly observed, whether you can find an unexpected angle on achievement that reveals something true rather than something inspirational. The strongest responses understand that “the path to success” isn’t really about success at all—it’s about perspective, about who we see and who we render invisible on the way up. What makes success feel earned rather than granted? Who do we forget to thank, and why? This is where descriptive and narrative writing converge: you’re not just showing a journey; you’re making an argument through story about what success actually is. Can you write a moment where someone redefines achievement not through what they gained, but through who they finally learned to see? Can you make gratitude feel urgent, complicated, even subversive—rather than just polite?

As always, the essay will be marked according to the IGCSE First Language English marking criteria available in the rubrics, and you will understand clearly what works and what doesn’t, and why. As always, so you can understand the logic of why what works works and get inspiration for your own writing.

You’ll find the essay here!

The full essay is available for our premium members. If you haven’t signed up already, then make sure to sign up over here!

Thank you all, and look forward to seeing you in the next one!

The PEEL Essay Structure

Victor Tan
 

If you’ve spent any time in any English class, whether it’s first language, second language, or whatever, there’s a good chance that you’ve heard of P.E.E.L.

Sorry, not a good chance.

It’s inescapable. 

Point, Evidence, Explanation Link are the words this legendary acronym is based on, the general idea is to write a good paragraph by:

1. Making your point very clear

2. Immediately giving evidence for your point

3. Explaining what the evidence means in the context of your point

4. Linking it back to either the previous paragraph or to whatever essay prompt you’re trying to respond to.

Which is why PEEL paragraphs look like this. 

EXAMPLE
Prompt:

Write a letter to your school principal arguing for or against mandatory homework.

Writer’s Intent:

To argue that students should have the freedom to choose whether to complete homework assignments.

PEEL Paragraph:

Point:

Students should be given the autonomy to decide whether homework helps their learning, rather than being forced to complete it regardless of its value.

Evidence:

A 2019 study by Stanford University found that students doing more than two hours of homework per night reported higher stress levels, physical health problems, and actually performed worse academically than peers with moderate homework loads.

Explanation:

This research shows that mandatory homework isn’t automatically beneficial—in fact, it can actively harm students when it becomes excessive or meaningless. Different students learn differently: some genuinely benefit from practice at home, while others need rest, extracurricular activities, or simply learn better through in-class work. By making homework optional, schools acknowledge that students understand their own learning needs and can make responsible choices about how to use their time productively.

Link:

Trusting students with this decision would not only improve their wellbeing but also teach them valuable self-management skills they’ll need in university and careers.

So that’s what it looks like. 

But is it the only way of writing an essay? 

No, not at all. 

Let’s deviate away to see that that’s true – here are a few other schemata that could also work for the same paragraph, available for our Premium Members!

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With all that said, why do teachers keep on teaching P.E.E.L like dogma, repeating it in class after class when there are so many possible and alternate constructions? 

Part of the answer is convenience. 

If you pay attention you will notice that PEEL is not only thought but also rewarded because it’s very easy to look at every paragraph and then check student paragraphs to see if they have the points, the evidence, the explanations, and the links straight away.

Also, it’s easier to keep your students from becoming confused and make sure that they follow a specific way of doing things rather than just opening up their minds to different possibilities or to ask them to reach for something that they otherwise don’t have experience with.

But it’s also true that PEEL accomplishes a very specific teaching purpose. 

It forces students to do the one thing they most resist: actually explain the connection between their evidence and their claim.

Evidence doesn’t speaks for itself – you need to contextualize it. 

What’s missing is the entire cognitive act of argumentation: showing how that quote demonstrates that claim, why those specific words matter, what the quote reveals that wouldn’t be obvious without analysis.

A student who mechanically applies PEEL at least produces something with basic argumentative structure. 

A student freed from structure too early typically produces some of the following:

∙ Unsupported assertions

∙ Quote-dropping without analysis

∙ Circular reasoning

∙ Paragraphs that don’t connect to anything

…But it’s not the only way to write. 

What did you think? Let me know your thoughts in the comments!